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Réseau et partage

Configurer le réseau wifi:

$ nano /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
update_config=1
country=FR

network={
        ssid="Bart_nomap"
        psk="ma_clef_wifi"
        key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
}

# Recharger les nouvelles configurations
$ wpa_cli -i wlan0 reconfigure

Encoder le mot de passe:

$ wpa_passphrase "Bart_nomap"

# reading passphrase from stdin

ma_clef_wifi
network={
    ssid="Bart_nomap"
    #psk="ma_clef_wifi"
    psk=40e6467b0ab3569a63dfe33001abb3a6b8757989937091f3edf7c9d9bd508ede7
}

$ nano /etc/network/interfaces
### (ne pas changer !!!) ###

# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
# Please note that this file is written to be used with dhcpcd
# For static IP, consult /etc/dhcpcd.conf and 'man dhcpcd.conf'
# Include files from /etc/network/interfaces.d:
source-directory /etc/network/interfaces.d

Adresses IP:

$ ip -4 addr | grep inet
    inet 192.168.1.254/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0
    inet 192.168.1.21/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global wlan0

Adresse du routeur (gateway):

$ ip route | grep default | awk '{print $3}'
192.168.1.1
192.168.1.1

Adresse du serveur DNS:

$ cat /etc/resolv.conf

# Generated by resolvconf

domain home
nameserver 192.168.1.1
nameserver fe80::4265:a3ff:fec3:8132%eth0
nameserver fe80::4265:a3ff:fec3:8132%wlan0

Liste des noms d'interface

$ ls /sys/class/net
eth0  lo  wlan0

$ ifconfig
eth0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        ether dc:a6:32:55:56:e0  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Boucle locale)
        RX packets 375  bytes 32464 (31.7 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 375  bytes 32464 (31.7 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

wlan0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.2.251  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.2.255
        inet6 fe80::e55e:a7fc:915f:fb98  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether dc:a6:32:55:56:e1  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 91361  bytes 29942853 (28.5 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 22382  bytes 3480690 (3.3 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

Mettre en IP fixe:

$ sudo nano /etc/dhcpcd.conf

# à rajouter à la fin du fichier:

interface eth0
static ip_address=192.168.2.252/24
static routers=192.168.2.1
static domain_name_servers=8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4

interface wlan0
static ip_address=192.168.2.251/24
static routers=192.168.2.1
static domain_name_servers=8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4

Modifier le hostname:

$ sudo raspbi-config
# 1 System Options puis S4 Hostname

$ sudo nano /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1       localhost
::1             localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
ff02::1         ip6-allnodes
ff02::2         ip6-allrouters

127.0.1.1       raspberrypi4

puis

$ sudo nano /etc/hostname
raspberrypi4

Redémarrer le service réseau:

$ service networking restart

VNC:

VNC Server (Pi):

Menu → Options:

  • Sécurité:

  • Chiffrement: De préférence actif

  • Authentification: Mot de passe VNC

  • Utilisateurs et autorisations:

  • Utilisateur standart: Mot de passe

VNC Viewer (Mac):

Port 5900

SSH:

Changer le port par défaut (22):

$ sudo nano sshd_config

#Décommenter la ligne # Port 22 et modifier le port
Port 39517

$ sudo service ssh restart

Ajouter la clé ssh:

bruno@silverbook:~/.ssh$ ssh pi@framboise.local 'mkdir -p ~/.ssh; chmod 0700 ~/.ssh; echo ' $(< ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub) ' >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys ; chmod 0600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys'

Installer Samba:

Installer et créer un répertoire partagé:

$ sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https samba samba-common-bin
$ sudo mkdir -p /home/pi/share
$ sudo chown -hR pi:pi /home/pi/share
$ sudo chmod 777 /home/pi/share

Sauvegarder le fichier de configuration

$ sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf.old

Editer le fichier smb.conf:

$ sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf

## Browsing/Identification ###
# Change this to the workgroup/NT-domain name your Samba server will part of
workgroup = WORKGROUP
wins support = yes

####### Authentication #######
security = user

[homes]
   read only = no

[Share]
comment = Partage Samba sur Raspberry
path=/home/pi/share
browseable=Yes
writeable=Yes
only guest=no
create mask=0777
directory mask=0777
public=no

Créer un utilisateur Samba:

$ sudo smbpasswd -a pi
New SMB password:
Retype new SMB password:
Added user pi.

Tester la config Samba:

$ testparm
Load smb config files from /etc/samba/smb.conf
rlimit_max: increasing rlimit_max (1024) to minimum Windows limit (16384)
WARNING: The "syslog" option is deprecated
Processing section "[homes]"
Processing section "[printers]"
Processing section "[print$]"
Processing section "[Share]"
Loaded services file OK.
Server role: ROLE_STANDALONE

Press enter to see a dump of your service definitions

# Global parameters
[global]
    log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m
    max log size = 1000
    syslog = 0
    panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d
    usershare allow guests = Yes
    map to guest = Bad User
    obey pam restrictions = Yes
    pam password change = Yes
    passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* .
    passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
    server role = standalone server
    unix password sync = Yes
    dns proxy = No
    wins support = Yes
    idmap config * : backend = tdb


[homes]
    comment = Home Directories
    browseable = No
    create mask = 0700
    directory mask = 0700
    valid users = %S


[printers]
    comment = All Printers
    path = /var/spool/samba
    browseable = No
    printable = Yes
    create mask = 0700


[print$]
    comment = Printer Drivers
    path = /var/lib/samba/printers


[Share]
    comment = Partage Samba sur Raspberry
    path = /home/pi/share
    create mask = 0777
    directory mask = 0777
    read only = No

Messages d'erreurs:

rlimit_max: increasing rlimit_max (1024) to minimum Windows limit (16384)

# Global files limit:

$ cat /proc/sys/fs/file-max
88603

# Local files limit:

$ ulimit -Hn
1048576
$ ulimit -Sn
1024

# Modifier temporairement les limites:

ulimit -Hn n
ulimit -Sn m

# Modifier les limites:

Editer /etc/security/limits.conf et ajouter:
samba soft nofile 16384
samba hard nofile 32768

WARNING: The "syslog" option is deprecated commenter la ligne syslog: #syslog = 0

Redémarrer Samba:

$ sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart

Liens:

:fa-link: http://nagashur.com/blog/2016/07/21/partage-de-fichiers-samba-avec-le-raspberry-pi/

:fa-link: https://gist.github.com/masterT/407a6d9e30ba4169bb39

:fa-link: http://www.framboise314.fr/partager-un-repertoire-sous-jessie-avec-samba/

Dernière mise à jour: March 16, 2021