snap¶
Installation:¶
Installer snap sur Solus:¶
installé par défaut depuis Solus 3 sinon
$ sudo eopkg up
$ sudo eopkg install snapd
$ sudo reboot
Installer snap sur ubuntu:¶
installé par défaut depuis Mint 16.04
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install snapd
# logout / restart
Installer snap sur Mint:¶
disponible depuis Mint 18.2
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install snapd
# logout / restart
Installer snap sur Debian:¶
disponible depuis Debian 9
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install snapd
# logout / restart
Tester l'installation:¶
$ sudo snap install hello-world
hello-world 6.3 from Canonical✓ installed
$ hello-world
Hello World!
Installer le Snap Store:¶
$ sudo snap install snap-store
Utilisation:¶
Version courante de snap:¶
$ snap version
snap 2.39.3
snapd 2.39.3
series 16
solus 4.1
kernel 5.5.6-149.current
Rechercher une appli:
$ snap find "media player"
Name Version Publisher Notes Summary
vlc 3.0.8 videolan✓ - The ultimate media player
foobar2000 1.5.2 mmtrt - foobar2000 is an advanced freeware audio player.
tizonia 0.18.0 tizonia - Cloud music from the Linux terminal
minidlna-escoand 1.2.1snap1 escoand - server software with the aim of being fully compliant with DLNA/UPnP clients.
audio-recorder 3.0.5+rev1432+pkg-7b07 brlin - A free audio-recorder for Linux (EXTREMELY BUGGY)
mpv 0.26.0 casept - a free, open source, and cross-platform media player.
Info sur un snap:¶
$ snap info chromium
name: chromium
summary: Chromium web browser, open-source version of Chrome
publisher: Canonical✓
contact: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/chromium-browser/+bugs?field.tag=snap
license: unset
description: |
An open-source browser project that aims to build a safer, faster, and more stable way for all
Internet users to experience the web.
commands:
- chromium.chromedriver
- chromium
snap-id: XKEcBqPM06H1Z7zGOdG5fbICuf8NWK5R
tracking: stable
refresh-date: today at 10:16 CET
channels:
stable: 80.0.3987.132 2020-03-05 (1043) 160MB -
candidate: 80.0.3987.132 2020-03-04 (1043) 160MB -
beta: 81.0.4044.43 2020-03-05 (1045) 161MB -
edge: 81.0.4044.17 2020-02-14 (1028) 161MB -
installed: 80.0.3987.132 (1043) 160MB -
# plus d'info sur le snap
$ snap info chromium --color=always --verbose
Installer un snap:
$ snap install chromium
chromium 80.0.3987.132 from Canonical✓ installed
$ sudo snap install --channel=edge chromium
$ sudo snap switch --channel=stable chromium
Lancer un snap:¶
Les snap sont installés dans /snap/bin. Ajouter /snap/bin au $PATH si nécessaire.
Certaines distributions utilisent /var/lib/snapd/snap/bin
$ which chromium
/snap/bin/chromium
Liste des snaps installés:¶
$ snap list
Name Version Rev Tracking Publisher Notes
chromium 80.0.3987.132 1043 stable canonical✓ -
core 16-2.43.3 8689 stable canonical✓ core
core18 20200124 1668 stable canonical✓ base
gnome-3-28-1804 3.28.0-16-g27c9498.27c9498 116 stable canonical✓ -
gtk-common-themes 0.1-28-g1503258 1440 stable canonical✓ -
odio 1.4.0 5 stable meniedri1 -
snap-store 20191114.a9948d5 209 stable canonical✓ -
snapd 2.43.3 6434 stable canonical✓ snapd
$ snap list --all
Name Version Rev Tracking Publisher Notes
chromium 80.0.3987.132 1043 stable canonical✓ -
core 16-2.43.3 8689 stable canonical✓ core
core18 20200124 1668 stable canonical✓ base
core18 20190709 1066 stable canonical✓ base,disabled
gnome-3-28-1804 3.28.0-16-g27c9498.27c9498 116 stable canonical✓ -
gnome-3-28-1804 3.28.0-10-gaa70833.aa70833 67 stable canonical✓ disabled
gtk-common-themes 0.1-28-g1503258 1440 stable canonical✓ -
gtk-common-themes 0.1-22-gab0a26b 1313 stable canonical✓ disabled
odio 1.4.0 5 stable meniedri1 -
snap-store 20190723.daf5512 180 stable canonical✓ disabled
snap-store 20191114.a9948d5 209 stable canonical✓ -
snapd 2.39.2 3646 stable canonical✓ snapd,disabled
snapd 2.43.3 6434 stable canonical✓ snapd
Mises-à-jour:¶
Les snaps sont mis-à-jour automatiquement (dans les 6h après une révision). On peut aussi chercher les m-à-j manuellement:
$ sudo snap refresh chromium
Mot de passe :
snap "chromium" has no updates available
$ sudo snap refresh --channel=beta vlc
Liste des snaps en attente de mise-à-jour:
$ snap refresh --list
All snaps up to date.
Date de la dernière et de la prochaine m-à-j:¶
$ snap refresh --time
timer: 00:00~24:00/4
last: today at 08:55 CET
next: today at 14:11 CET
Voir les dernières modifications:¶
$ snap changes
error: no changes found
$ snap changes ID
Réinstaller la version précédente:
$ snap list --all chromium
Name Version Rev Tracking Publisher Notes
chromium 80.0.3987.122 1040 stable canonical✓ disabled
chromium 80.0.3987.132 1043 stable canonical✓ -
$ snap revert chromium
chromium reverted to 80.0.3987.122
# --revision= réinstaller une révision précise
$ snap list --all chromium
Name Version Rev Tracking Publisher Notes
chromium 80.0.3987.122 1040 stable canonical✓ -
chromium 80.0.3987.132 1043 stable canonical✓ disabled
$ snap refresh chromium
chromium 80.0.3987.132 from Canonical✓ refreshed
Liste de toutes les révisions disponibles:¶
$ snap list --all chromium
Name Version Rev Tracking Publisher Notes
chromium 80.0.3987.122 1040 stable canonical✓ disabled
chromium 80.0.3987.132 1043 stable canonical✓ -
Activer / désactiver des snaps:¶
$ snap disable chromium
chromium disabled
# Le snap reste disponible pour une réactivation.
$ snap list --all chromium
Name Version Rev Tracking Publisher Notes
chromium 80.0.3987.122 1040 stable canonical✓ disabled
chromium 80.0.3987.132 1043 stable canonical✓ disabled
$ snap enable chromium
chromium enabled
Supprimer un snap:¶
$ snap remove chromium
chromium removed
Supprimer uniquement 1 révision:
$ snap remove chromium --revision=1040
Voir les logs:¶
$ snap logs <service>
# -n= affiche un nombre de lignes(defaut:10)
# -f affichage au fil de l'eau
$ snap logs chromium
error: snap "chromium" has no services
Permissions:¶
$ snap connections chromium
Interface Plug Slot Notes
browser-support chromium:browser-sandbox :browser-support -
camera chromium:camera :camera -
content[gtk-3-themes] chromium:gtk-3-themes gtk-common-themes:gtk-3-themes -
content[icon-themes] chromium:icon-themes gtk-common-themes:icon-themes -
content[sound-themes] chromium:sound-themes gtk-common-themes:sound-themes -
cups-control chromium:cups-control :cups-control -
desktop chromium:desktop :desktop -
gsettings chromium:gsettings :gsettings -
home chromium:home :home -
joystick chromium:joystick :joystick -
mount-observe chromium:mount-observe - -
mpris - chromium:mpris -
network chromium:network :network -
network-bind chromium:network-bind :network-bind -
network-manager chromium:network-manager - -
opengl chromium:opengl :opengl -
password-manager-service chromium:password-manager-service - -
personal-files chromium:chromium-config :personal-files -
pulseaudio chromium:pulseaudio :pulseaudio -
raw-usb chromium:raw-usb - -
removable-media chromium:removable-media - -
screen-inhibit-control chromium:screen-inhibit-control :screen-inhibit-control -
u2f-devices chromium:u2f-devices :u2f-devices -
unity7 chromium:unity7 :unity7 -
upower-observe chromium:upower-observe :upower-observe -
x11 chromium:x11 :x11 -
Liste des interfaces:
$ snap interface
Name Summary
browser-support allows access to various APIs needed by modern web browsers
camera allows access to all cameras
content allows sharing code and data with other snaps
cups-control allows access to the CUPS control socket
desktop allows access to basic graphical desktop resources
desktop-legacy allows privileged access to desktop legacy methods
gsettings allows access to any gsettings item of current user
home allows access to non-hidden files in the home directory
joystick allows access to joystick devices
network allows access to the network
network-bind allows operating as a network service
opengl allows access to OpenGL stack
password-manager-service allows access to common password manager services
personal-files allows access to personal files or directories
pulseaudio allows operating as or interacting with the pulseaudio service
screen-inhibit-control allows inhibiting the screen saver
snapd-control allows communicating with snapd
system-observe allows observing all processes and drivers
u2f-devices allows access to u2f devices
unity7 allows interacting with Unity 7 services
upower-observe allows operating as or reading from the UPower service
wayland allows access to compositors supporting wayland protocol
x11 allows interacting with or running as an X11 server
Lire les options de configuration pour le snap:¶
$ snap get chromium
error: snap "chromium" has no configuration
Se connecter:¶
Ce n'est pas nécessaire sauf pour les achats et pour les développeurs.
$ snap login bruno@xxx.info
Personal information is handled as per our privacy notice at
https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/dataprivacy/snap-store
Password of "bruno@xxx.info":
Login successful
Afficher qui est connecté:
$ snap whoami
email: bruno@xxx.info
Snapshot:
$ snap saved
Set Snap Age Version Rev Size Notes
3 chromium 57.7m 80.0.3987.132 1043 34.4MB auto
Aide:¶
$ snap --help
$ snap help --all
The snap command lets you install, configure, refresh and remove snaps.
Snaps are packages that work across many different Linux distributions,
enabling secure delivery and operation of the latest apps and utilities.
Usage: snap <command> [<options>...]
Commands can be classified as follows:
Basics (basic snap management):
find Find packages to install
info Show detailed information about snaps
install Install snaps on the system
list List installed snaps
remove Remove snaps from the system
...more (slightly more advanced snap management):
refresh Refresh snaps in the system
revert Reverts the given snap to the previous state
switch Switches snap to a different channel
disable Disable a snap in the system
enable Enable a snap in the system
History (manage system change transactions):
changes List system changes
tasks List a change's tasks
abort Abort a pending change
watch Watch a change in progress
Daemons (manage services):
services Query the status of services
start Start services
stop Stop services
restart Restart services
logs Retrieve logs for services
Commands (manage aliases):
alias Set up a manual alias
aliases List aliases in the system
unalias Remove a manual alias, or the aliases for an entire snap
prefer Enable aliases from a snap, disabling any conflicting aliases
Configuration (system administration and configuration):
get Print configuration options
set Change configuration options
wait Wait for configuration
Account (authentication to snapd and the snap store):
login Authenticate to snapd and the store
logout Log out of snapd and the store
whoami Show the email the user is logged in with
Permissions (manage permissions):
connections List interface connections
interface Show details of snap interfaces
connect Connect a plug to a slot
disconnect Disconnect a plug from a slot
Snapshots (archives of snap data):
saved List currently stored snapshots
save Save a snapshot of the current data
check-snapshot Check a snapshot
restore Restore a snapshot
forget Delete a snapshot
Other (miscellanea):
version Show version details
warnings List warnings
okay Acknowledge warnings
ack Add an assertion to the system
known Show known assertions of the provided type
Development (developer-oriented features):
run Run the given snap command
pack Pack the given directory as a snap
try Test an unpacked snap in the system
download Download the given snap
prepare-image Prepare a device image
For more information about a command, run 'snap help <command>'.
Dernière mise à jour:
March 16, 2021