Créer une Vagrant box

VirtualBox

https://www.engineyard.com/blog/building-a-vagrant-box https://www.ceos3c.com/open-source/install-linux-mint-19-virtualbox/

1. Créer une nouvelle machine virtuelle

Nom: Linux Mint 19 xfce Type: Linux Version: Ubuntu (64-bit)

• mémoire: 2Go
• disque dur: créer un disque dur maintenant
• type: VMDK VDI (VirtualBox Disk Image)
• stockage: Dynamiquement alloué

• emplacement et taille: /Users/bruno/VirtualBox VMs/Linux Mint 19 xfce/Linux Mint 19 xfce.vdi 20Go

• Configurer le hardware

• désactiver audio et USB

• la carte réseau 1 doit être réglée sur NAT

• ajouter cette règle de redirection de ports: Nom: SSH Protocole: TCP IP Hote: Port hôte: 2222 IP invité Port invité: 22

• Installer Linux Mint 19

• Démarrer la machine

• Choisir l'ISO: linuxmint-19-xfce-64bit-v2.iso
• Linux Mint 19 démarre dans son environnement Live. Double-clic sur Install Linux Mint
• Choisir le language
• Choisir le clavier
• Ne pas installer les logiciels tiers
• Effacer le disque et installer Linux Mint
• Installer maintenant
• Choisir le fuseau horaire

• Utilisateur: vagrant Mot de passe: vagrant

• Redémarrer:

• Régler le mot de passe root: sudo passwd root (vagrant)

• Régler le super utilisateur: sudo visudo -f /etc/sudoers.d/vagrant Ajouter:

  # add vagrant user
  vagrant ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
  

• Sauver et quitter.

• Tester: sudo pwd

Pour Debian, voir ici

1. Mettre à jour l'OS:

sudo apt-get update -y
sudo apt-get upgrade -y
#et redémarrer
sudo shutdown -r now

1. Reconfigurer le clavier:

sudo apt-get install keyboard-configuration
sudo dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration
Keyboard-configuration choices for MackBookPro French keyboard:

-> MacBook / MacBookPro (Intl)
-> French
-> French (again)
-> Right Alt (AltGr)
-> No Compose Key

1. Installer la Clé Vagrant:

mkdir -p /home/vagrant/.ssh
chmod 0700 /home/vagrant/.ssh
wget --no-check-certificate \
    https://raw.github.com/mitchellh/vagrant/master/keys/vagrant.pub \
    -O /home/vagrant/.ssh/authorized_keys
chmod 0600 /home/vagrant/.ssh/authorized_keys
chown -R vagrant /home/vagrant/.ssh

1. Installer le serveur OpenSSH:

sudo apt-get install -y openssh-server
sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config
# Décommenter la ligne AuthorizedKeysFile %h/.ssh/authorized_keys
# Redémarrer ssh
sudo service ssh restart

1. Installer Guest Tools:

sudo apt-get install -y gcc build-essential linux-headers-server
#Dans VirtualBox, menu Périphériques, cliquer sur Insérer l'image CD des Additions Invité
sudo mount /dev/cdrom /mnt 
cd /mnt
sudo ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run

1. Finaliser la Box:

“zero out” the drive.
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/EMPTY bs=1M
sudo rm -f /EMPTY

1. Créer un dossier pour les Box:

mkdir ~/vagrant_boxes
cd ~/vagrant_boxes

1. Créer le paquet (tar.gz et fichiers Vagrantfile , metadata.json ):

$ vagrant package --base  Linux\ Mint\ 19\ xfce
==> Linux Mint 19 xfce: Attempting graceful shutdown of VM...
==> Linux Mint 19 xfce: Clearing any previously set forwarded ports...
==> Linux Mint 19 xfce: Exporting VM...
==> Linux Mint 19 xfce: Compressing package to: /Users/bruno/vagrant_boxes/package.box

1. Tester la box:

$ vagrant box add mint19-64 package.box
==> box: Box file was not detected as metadata. Adding it directly...
==> box: Adding box 'mint19-64' (v0) for provider:
    box: Unpacking necessary files from: file:///Users/bruno/vagrant_boxes/package.box
==> box: Successfully added box 'mint19-64' (v0) for 'virtualbox'!

Vagrant

Initialiser la VM:

$ vagrant init mint19-64
A `Vagrantfile` has been placed in this directory. You are now
ready to `vagrant up` your first virtual environment! Please read
the comments in the Vagrantfile as well as documentation on
`vagrantup.com` for more information on using Vagrant.

Démarrer la VM:

$ vagrant up
Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
==> default: Importing base box 'mint19-64'...
==> default: Matching MAC address for NAT networking...
==> default: Setting the name of the VM: vagrant_boxes_default_1535276878752_78916
Vagrant is currently configured to create VirtualBox synced folders with
the `SharedFoldersEnableSymlinksCreate` option enabled. If the Vagrant
guest is not trusted, you may want to disable this option. For more
information on this option, please refer to the VirtualBox manual:

  https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch04.html#sharedfolders

This option can be disabled globally with an environment variable:

  VAGRANT_DISABLE_VBOXSYMLINKCREATE=1

or on a per folder basis within the Vagrantfile:

  config.vm.synced_folder '/host/path', '/guest/path', SharedFoldersEnableSymlinksCreate: false
==> default: Clearing any previously set network interfaces...
==> default: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration...
    default: Adapter 1: nat
==> default: Forwarding ports...
    default: 22 (guest) => 2222 (host) (adapter 1)
==> default: Booting VM...
==> default: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes...
    default: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2222
    default: SSH username: vagrant
    default: SSH auth method: private key
    default:
    default: Vagrant insecure key detected. Vagrant will automatically replace
    default: this with a newly generated keypair for better security.
    default:
    default: Inserting generated public key within guest...
    default: Removing insecure key from the guest if it's present...
    default: Key inserted! Disconnecting and reconnecting using new SSH key...
==> default: Machine booted and ready!
==> default: Checking for guest additions in VM...
==> default: Mounting shared folders...
    default: /vagrant => /Users/bruno/vagrant_boxes

Se connecter à la VM:

$ vagrant ssh
vagrant@vagrant-VirtualBox:~$ ls
Bureau  Documents  Images  Modèles  Musique  Public  Téléchargements  Vidéos

vagrant@vagrant-VirtualBox:~$ exit
déconnexion
Connection to 127.0.0.1 closed.

Arrêter la VM:

$ vagrant halt
==> default: Attempting graceful shutdown of VM...

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Dernière mise à jour: May 7, 2020